this is an assignment for a friend.
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Thread Topic: this is an assignment for a friend.
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In Unit 8 you learned to format short, unbound reports using the textual citation method of documentation. In this unit you will learn to format longer bound reports. The endnote and footnote methods of documentation are introduced in this unit.
Bound Reports
Longer reports are generally bound at the left margin. The binding takes about one-half inch (0.5â€) of space. To accommodate the binding, the left margin is increased to 1.5†on all pages.
Standard Margins
Except for the left margin (1†for unbound and 1.5†for bound), all margin settings are the same for unbound and bound reports. The right margin is 1â€. A top margin of 2†and a bottom margin of about 1†are customarily used on the first page of reports. All remaining pages are keyed with 1†top and bottom margins. Because an exact 1†bottom margin is not always possible, the bottom margin may be adjusted to prevent a side heading or first line of paragraph from printing as the last line on the page (orphan); or the last line of a paragraph from occurring at the top of a new page (widow). The Widow/Orphan software feature (p. 67) also may be used to prevent these problems.
Page Numbering
The first page of a report usually is not numbered. However, if a page number is used on the first page, position it at the bottom of the page using center alignment. On the second page use center alignment, on the second and subsequent pages, position the page number at the top of the page using right alignment.
Internal Spacing
A QS is left between the report title and the first line of the body. Multiple-line titles are DS.
A DS is left above and below side headings and between paragraphs. The report you key in this until will have DS paragraphs. However, paragraphs may be SS or DS. The DS paragraphs are indented 0.5â€.
Long quotes. Quoted material of four or more lines should be SS and indented 0.5†from the left margin. DS above and below the quoted material. The first line is indented an additional 0.5†if the quotation starts at the beginning of a paragraph.
Enumerated items. Indent enumerated items 0.5†from the left margin; block the lines at that point. Single-space individual items; DS between items. Double-space above and below a series of items.
Headings and Subheadings
Main Heading. Center the main heading in ALL CAPS.
Side headings. Begin side headings at the left margin. Capitalize the first letter of the first word and all other main words in each heading. Underline side headings.
Paragraph headings. Indent paragraph headings 0.5†from the left margin. Capitalize only the first letter of the first word and any proper nouns; underline the heading, and follow the heading with a period.
Title Page
A cover or title page is prepared for most bound reports. To format a title page, center the title in ALL CAPS 2†from the top. Center the writer’s name in capital and lowercase letters 5†from the top. The school name is centered a DS below the writer’s name. The date should be centered 9†from the top.
Table of Contents
A table of contents lists the headings of a report and the page numbers where those headings can be found in the report. The side and top margins for the table of contents are the same as those used for the first page of the report. Include TABLE OF CONTENTS (centered, 2†from the top as a heading. Then QS before listing side and paragraph headings (if included). Side headings are DS beginning at left margin; paragraph headings are indented and SS with a DS above and below them. Page numbers for each entry are keyed at the right margin.
Documentation
Documentation is used to give credit for published material (electronic as well as printed) that is quoted or closely paraphrased (slightly changed). Three types of documentation will be used in this unit: textual citation, end noted, and footnotes.
Textual citation. The textual citation method of documentation was used in Unit 8. This method includes the name(s) of the author(s), the date of the reference publication, and the page number(s) of the material cited as part of the report text.
(Wagner, 2001, 248)
When the author’s name is used in the text introducing the quotation, only the year of publication, and the page number(s) appear in parentheses/
Wagner (2001, 248) said that . . .
For electronic references, include the author’s name and the year.
Endnotes. The endnotes method of documentation identifies the reference cited by a superscript number…..¹
The complete documentation for the reference is placed at the end of the report in the section titled ENDNOTES. The references listed in the endnotes section are placed in the same order they appear in the report. A corresponding superscript number identifies the reference in the text.
The endnotes page has the same top and side margins as the first page of the report. Except that it has a page number 1†from the top at the right margin. Each endnote is indented 0.5†from the left margin (keyed to superscript endnote number); all other lines begin at the left margin.
¹Richard G. Harris, “Globalization, Trade, and Income,â€
Canadian Journal of Economics (November 1993). p. 755.
Footnotes. The footnotes method of documentation also identifies the reference cited by a superscript number. ...¹
However, the complete documentation for the references is placed at the bottom of the same page and is identified with the same superscript number (see model report on p. 142).
Each footnote is indented 0.5†and SS, with a DS between footnotes. Footnotes should be numbered consecutively throughout a report.
References page. Each of these three types of documentation (textual citation, endnotes, and footnotes) requires a references page. All references cited in the report are listed alphabetically by author surnames at the end of a report under the heading REFERENCES (or BIBLIOGRAPHY or WORKS SITED). QS between the heading and the first reference.
Use the same margins as for the first page of the report and include a page number. SS each reference; DS between references. Begin the first line of each reference at the left margin; indent other lines 0.5†(or to the paragraph indentation point).
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