Biology Study Exam

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  1. Cell division in bacteria and eukaryotes takes place in precisely the same manner.
    • True
    • False
  2. Centioles begin to move apart in animal cells.
    • Telophase
    • Anaphase
    • Prometaphase
    • Metaphase
    • Prophase
  3. The longest of the mitotic stages.
    • Telophase
    • Anaphase
    • Prometaphase
    • Metaphase
    • Prophase
  4. All of the following occur during prophase of mitosis in animal cells EXCEPT
    • the centrioles move toward opposite poles
    • the nucleolus can no longer be seen
    • the nuclear envelope disappears
    • chromosomes are duplicated
    • the spindle is organized
  5. If there are 20 chromatids in a cell, how many centromeres are there?
    • 10
    • 20
    • 30
    • 40
    • 50
  6. Cells that are in a nondividing state are in which phase?
    • G0
    • G2
    • G1
    • S
    • M
  7. A spindle fiber is a specialized form of
    • microtubule
    • flagellum
    • cilium
    • chromosome
  8. What is the name for the special region on a duplicated chromosome that holds the sister chromatids together?
    • centrosome
    • centromere
    • kinetochore
    • desmosome
    • microtubule organizer region
  9. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the cell cycle?
    • C - M - G1 - S - G2
    • S - G1 - G2 - M - C
    • G1 - S - G2 - M - C
    • none of the above
  10. A group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus. Those cells would have ____ picograms at the end of the S phase and ____ picograms at the end of G2.
    • 8:8
    • 8:16
    • 16:8
    • 16:16
    • 12:16
  11. Asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction are different in that
    • individuals reproducing asexual transmit 100% of their genes to their progeny, whereas individuals reproducing sexually only transmit 50%
    • asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parents, whereas sexual reproduction gives rise to genetically distinct offspring
    • asexual reproduction involves a single parent, whereas sexual reproduction involves two
    • asexual reproduction only requires mitosis, whereas sexual reproduction always involves meiosis
    • all of the above
  12. Which one of the following was NOT a main idea that Darwin advanced in his works?
    • species change over time
    • living species have arisen from earlier life forms
    • modern species arose through a process known as "descent with modification"
    • new species can form by inheritance of acquired characteristics
    • new species arise by natural selection
  13. What term is used to refer to structures that have a similar origin or ancestry even though they may be very different in appearance?
    • convergent
    • comparable
    • analogous
    • divergent
    • homologous
  14. What is a mutation?
    • a gene that causes a disease
    • a random change in an organism's DNA
    • a chance change in the gene pool of a small population
    • the immigration of alleles into a gene pool
    • the emigration of alleles out of a gene pool
  15. What is genetic drift?
    • chance changes in the gene pool of a small population
    • the entry of alleles into a population due to immagration
    • changes in the gene pool of a population that are due to differential reproductive success
    • a change in allelic frequencies due to mutation
    • the loss of alleles from a population due to emigration
  16. A rabbit population consists of animals that are either very dark on top or very light on top. When examining them closely, biologists were suprised to find no rabbit with a medium darkness, intermediate to the two extremes. This is an example of
    • disruptive selection
    • directional selection
    • stabilitizing selection
    • heterozygote advantage
    • sexual selection
  17. A population is
    • applicable only to animals that reproduce asexually
    • the smallest unit that can evolve
    • a group of individuals of different species living in the same place at the same time
    • a collection of communities
    • all of the above
  18. Aristotle believed which of the following?
    • natural forces are at work changing the Earth's surface
    • an individuals use of a body part causes it to further evolve
    • species are fixed (permanent) and do not evolve
    • the best evidence for change within species is seen in fossils
    • none of the above
  19. Which one of the following people developed a theory of evolution identical to Darwin's?
    • Lyell
    • Wallace
    • Buffon
    • Lamarck
    • Huxley
  20. The unifying theme of biology is
    • taxonomy
    • genetics
    • ecology
    • evolution
    • none of the above
  21. Broccoli and cabbages are both descended from the same wild mustard and can still interbreed. The existence of these two vegetables is an example of
    • speciation
    • artificial selection
    • natural selection
    • genetic drift
    • inheritance of acquired characteristics
  22. Alleles of a gene are found at ______ chromosomes.
    • the same locus on homologous
    • different loci on homologous
    • different loci on heterozygous
    • the same locus on heterologous
    • the same locus on homologous mitochondrial
  23. Mendel's law of independent assortment states that
    • independent sorting of genes produces polyploid plants under some circumstances
    • genes sort independently of each other in animals but not plants
    • chromosomes sort independently of each other during mitosis and meiosis
    • each pair of alleles segregates independently of the other pairs of alleles during gamete formation
    • none of the above
  24. The expression of both alleles for a trait in a heterozygous individual illustrates
    • incomplete dominance
    • polygenic inheritance
    • pleiotropy
    • codominance
    • blending inheritance
  25. A person with AB blood illustrates the principle of
    • codominance
    • blending inheritance
    • polygenic inheritance
    • pleiotropy
    • incomplete dominance
  26. The mechanism that "breaks" the linkage between linked genes is
    • incomplete dominance
    • crossing-over
    • independent assortment
    • pleiotropy
    • codominance
  27. How many sex chromosomes are in a human gamete?
    • two
    • five
    • four
    • three
    • one
  28. What is the normal complement of sex chromosomes in a human male?
    • one X and one Y chromosome
    • two X chromosomes
    • one Y chromosome
    • two Y chromosomes
    • two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome
  29. When crossing a homozygous recessive with a heterozygote, what is the chance of getting an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype?
    • 0%
    • 25%
    • 50%
    • 75%
    • 100%
  30. In a cross AaBbCc X AaBbCc, what is the probability of producing the genotype AABBCC?
    • 1/4
    • 1/8
    • 1/16
    • 1/32
    • 1/64
  31. The ABO blood types have _______ different genotypes.
    • 4
    • 6
    • 8
    • 12
    • 16
  32. Blood types (A,B,O) are controlled by
    • sex linked genes
    • linked genes
    • incompletely dominant genes
    • multiple alleles
    • none of the above
  33. If a woman blood type A has a child blood type O, the father may belong to the blood type
    • A, AB, O but not B
    • O only
    • A, B, O but not AB
    • any blood type other than A
    • A, B, O but not A
  34. Which terms represent the genotype frequencies in the Hardy-Weinberg equation? -let *=squared
    • p*, 2pq, q*
    • p* and AA
    • 2pq and Aa
    • P and Q
    • AA, Aa, aa
  35. If the frequency of the recessive allele is 30 percent, the frequency of the heterozygous carrier would be what percent?
    • 42
    • 9
    • 27
    • 60
    • 80
  36. Of 400 people who dwell on a Pacific island, 16 are homozygous recessive for a trait that has only two different types of alleles in the population. The number of heterozygous people is
    • 256
    • 32
    • 64
    • 128
    • 384
  37. At a locus with a dominant and a recessive allele in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium, 16% of the individuals are homozygous for the recessive allele. What is the frequency of the dominant allele in the population?
    • 0.84
    • 0.36
    • 0.6
    • 0.4
    • 0.48
  38. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive condition that affects about 1 in 2,500 babies in the Caucasian population of the United States. What is the frequency of the recessive allele in the population?
    • 1%
    • 2%
    • 5%
    • 10%
    • none of the above
  39. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive condition that affects about 1 in 2,500 babies in the Caucasian population of the United States. What is the frequency of the dominant allele?
    • 99%
    • 98%
    • 95%
    • 90%
    • none of the above
  40. Cystic fibrosis is a recessive condition that affects about 1 in 2,500 babies in the Caucasian population of the United States. What is the percentage of heterozygous individuals in the population. (rounded to the nearest hundredth)
    • 3.00
    • 3.92
    • 4.13
    • 5.24
    • none of the above

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